Karl Marx, a most influential political philosopher of 19th century, has divided the world in to two category- rich and poor. Division was not defined for the first time. But the credit of literal explanation within the language that is understandable by world's poor people through putting this division on the scale of law and justice goes to the Marx. That division line draws the clarity between poor and rich though the Marx ascertained principle of class struggle could not deliver justice to that brutal division. And till now, the problem of poverty is passing away through harassed situation even threatening impenetrably to the world reputed organizations like United Nations. This ground reality is developing not only as the necessity of underdeveloped or developing countries like us but also as main threat and responsibility of developed countries. Our underdeveloped country Nepal has specified poverty alleviation as main goal of 10th Five Year Plan in the present context of becoming topmost challenge to United Nations Millennium Development Goal is the same-poverty alleviation. This goal itself might be the government's compulsion to take but the reality is very stiff and profound.

Debate on poverty in real sense has been started from the political change in 1990 in Nepal. During this period, thousands pages of studies, research, reports and assistances have been used in the name of poverty alleviation. That much problems are being raised and increased how the resources and means are spent. And in later days, the logic has visible shape as the main reason of present armed conflict is neglecting those rural poor people. In this context, it is must to understand that poor people are not in the poverty of awareness. They are shouting to have a justice livelihood in return to spend sweat on land. Demand itself could not be judged as crime, albeit somewhere sometimes it has seen on criminal form. For this reason too, appropriate address to such problem is indispensable.

When we are talking about poverty, women agenda also comes as vital one. Any types of empowerment programs including poverty alleviation could not be success till excluding women, who covers more than half of total population. Women's agenda has more significance in other sense too. Because Nepal is an agricultural country featured the patriarchal social structure. Its laws and costumes are influenced by Hindu religion, which establishes the male supremacy and women are taken just as server. In patriarchal society, women are found more victimized, exploited and rights deprived. Shinning example of this reality are those all communities and countries of south Asia and Africa where the poverty is trapping peoples livelihood. One of the main causes of domestic women violence in this region is the lack of women rights on property.

Land is the first and foremost property in agricultural country for whoever man and women. In our society people who have ownership over land, use to be taken as rich and prosperous. This fact creates the appropriate logic that all the economic transactions in such country use to be related with land and its production. Who have more access rights on land, they automatically involve in economic activities frequently. And only one bases of livelihood is not other than 'frequent involvement in economic activities'. But Nepali women do not have land and property rights. Therefore, while raising the women livelihood agenda, they are found more unsecured in compare to man. Here the women are deprived from land rights due to the patriarchal mentality and costumes. On the other hand 'equal rights on property' guarantee of Nepal Kingdom Constitution-2046 B.S. and provision of patrimony rights defined by Country Code (11th amendment)- 2020 B.S. are not in practice and implementation. Similarly, the condition of Kamaiya, Haliya, Kamlari, Mohihani, Ukhada and Dalit women who are exploited by landlords and feudalist since era, is more perplex and tormenting. Albeit the land is provided to women sporadically, they are not in condition to have the land ownership in real sense due to the lack of citizenship. Agitation of getting citizenship through mother's name joined in this point with land rights agitation.

According to National Census- 2058 B.S., women are little more than half in total population. Among them, 85.2 % are involved in agriculture. 17.13 % women have rights over property. Among this, only 10.84 % women have rights over land. Home ownership having women are less than 1 % among the 41 lakhs 74 thousands families. Similarly, only 5.425 % women have ownership and rights over cattle. Women percentage is 46 in the economically active people. For income of every home, women contribute 50 %, among the rest 44 % by man and 6 % by children. According to UNDP Human Development Report- 2004, women contribute 60.1 % in total agricultural production. But women have rights and ownership only over 8.1 % land in total. House and land ownership having women are only 4 %. According to another report, man works 7 hours a day where the woman is 11 hours.

Above statistics represent the real status of women regarding to land rights. Even if found the rights, those women are from rich and urban areas families. Rural women are still fighting across oven to road, Dadheldhura to Sunsari and Maitighar Peace Mandala at Kathmandu in quest for equal land rights with man.
Women become option less for livelihood when she does not have rights over property and land. Except agricultural work, neither they have any other professional skill not the availability of alternative profession. Women are deprived from different governmental and non-governmental facilities and rights due to the lack of ownership over that land where they birth, grow up and spent whole life. In addition, citizenship-less condition hinders them inhumanly. Women are not free and able to take loan from bank, put into the pledge to local money lender or to sell and bye as their will and need because they do not have land on their own name. As always playing the role of contributor on land, women are dispossessing from being land owner and its profit.

Since the economic agenda rose in agricultural country like us, land and rights over it is inseparable from main stream of development. Here in Nepal, to whom we are talking and need to empower, they do not have land and its practical rights. In this context, how our programs and activities on women empowerment could be success, while 90 percentage women do not have rights over land in Nepal? Are we ready to adopt the world accepted fact of women as good manager and skilled manpower for land? Since, talking about livelihood, land as the main source of living in agricultural country, how the poverty alleviation goal could be achieved until the 'good manager' deprives from land rights? Poverty alleviation journey could not be forwarded properly without being agreed to the worldwide recognition that establishing women rights over land is the better way to increase productivity. How could we achieve the Millennium Development and Five year plan's goal without bringing over from poverty line to Mohi, Kamaiya, Haliya, Haruwa, Charuwa, Kamlari, Ukhada who are suffered since generation. They do not have citizenship. International laws and treaties are left behind form being implemented. Even domestic law's provisions like equal rights on property and enjoyment of fundamental rights are trapped and people are neglected, then how they could come out from the cycle of poverty? The sustainable livelihood agenda can not be addressed till the less-practical system of providing pigs, chicken and any sort of agricultural trainings in district headquarters to the rural people in the name of economic empowerment of remote and poor people.
While a poor man finds himself in livelihood means-less condition for his own and family life, he wants greater contribution from his wife. Appropriate example this fact is dowry malpractice and that resulted violence and counter reactions mainly in Terai region of our country. It is use to be supposed that women life will be safer and comfortable as per the amount of dowry. Similarly, decade long internal armed conflict has created a lot of single and displaced women in increasing ratio. One, they have lost their husband and on the other hand, family responsibility has been increased to them. 'We urge government just to manage curry and rice once in first day of Dashin, our condition is this'- saga of displaced people from western Nepal expressed in 4th October in BBC world service is real state of them. Now, women who have lost their husband in this conflict are not getting right to transfer ownership or share their husband's property. And, this can not be imagine that the suitable environment to establish those women's rights and uses over land for their livelihood.

Above mentioned and from the social justice prospective, poverty alleviation agenda and women rights over land are reciprocal and indispensable. 'If women and men are equal, the rights should be equal' is the sanse of social justice. Therefore, not only in Nepal but also in whole south Asia, to solve and minimize poverty problem, women should empower at least equal to man. Empowerment means to the rights enjoyment.